In 1964, the company's predecessor, the Fifth Engineering Department of the State-owned Installation Company No.103, participated in the construction of the No.404 Plant, China's first nuclear plant, in Gansu at the beginning of its establishment, making contribution to the successful development and test of atomic bombs and hydrogen bombs in China.

　　In 1969, following the instructions of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council for the “Third-Front Movement”, the company was ordered to build bridges and roads and set up construction sites in the lofty mountains and high ranges of Sichuan, to construct the No.821 Plant, China’s second nuclear plant.

　　In 1974, the company was transferred to Shanghai to undertake the installation work and part of the maintenance work of Shanghai Petrochemical Complex (the predecessor of Sinopec Shanghai Petrochemical Co., Ltd.), making important contributions to the national economic construction and the reform and opening up.

　　In 1982, in order to meet the needs for the construction of Shanghai Petrochemical Complex, the Ministry of Nuclear Industry issued a document confirming that the company would use the cover name "State-owned No.5 Installation Engineering Company" for external use and the real name the "No.5 Installation Engineering Company of the Ministry of Nuclear Industry" for internal use. The company continued in-depth participation in the construction of Shanghai Petrochemical Complex.

　　In 1999, the ten major group companies in the science, technology and industry for national defense were established. The company was subordinated to the China Nuclear Engineering & Construction Corporation Limited (CNEC) and was named the "China Nuclear Industry Fifth Installation Engineering Company" in the incorporation document of the CNEC. At that time, the company was about to complete the installation of the first phase of the Chashma Nuclear Power Plant in Pakistan.

　　By 2006, the company had successively completed the construction tasks of the Chashma Nuclear Power Plant in Pakistan and Phase II of the Qinshan Nuclear Power Plant, and was undertaking the construction tasks of Phase II of the Chashma Nuclear Power Plant and the extension project for Phase II of Qinshan Nuclear Power Plant. It was one of the only two companies in China capable of installing nuclear islands of nuclear power plants.

　　In 2007, the company took full responsibility for the construction of domestic AP1000 nuclear power projects (Sanmen and Haiyang) in the mode of general contracting management for the construction of AP1000 nuclear power projects, which was a major strategic measure taken by CNEC for the construction of AP1000 projects.

　　In 2009, the company was renamed to "China Nuclear Industry Fifth Construction Co., Ltd.". Continuing to construct the No.1-4 nuclear power units in Fuqing and the Shidaowan HTGR (High-Temperature Gas-Cooled Reactor) Power Plant, the company was the only company in China with construction achievements for both nuclear islands and conventional islands.

　　In 2011, the company safely and efficiently completed the coal-to-oil project of Shenhua Ningxia Coal Industry Group Co., Ltd., China's first large-scale direct liquefaction project of industrial coal invested by Shenhua Group, Shanghai Yangshan low-temperature LNG storage tank (165,000m3) with the largest single capacity in China at that time, the integrated move project of Shandong Yantai Wanhua, and other influential installation projects, becoming the leader in the construction and installation industry of China and realizing a leap from brand awareness to brand reputation.

　　In 2016, in the "Thirteenth Five-Year Development Plan", the company clearly put forward the corporate development orientation of "becoming a well-known integrated service provider in the domestic construction field", and made comprehensively planning for four businesses: project construction, investment and construction projects, building materials and equipment, and integrated overseas business.

　　In May 2016, Wang Shoujun, the Party Secretary and Chairman of CNEC and Cheng Lianyuan, member of the Standing Committee of Yunnan Provincial Party Committee and Secretary of Kunming Municipal Party Committee, jointly unveiled the "Yunnan CNEC Airport Construction Investment Co., Ltd." jointly invested by the company and the Administration Committee of China Kunming Airport Economic Zone, marking the formal establishment of the company's first SPV company.

　　So far, the company has a number of business sectors, regional branches and subsidiaries in domestic and foreign markets, and has undertaken major projects, such as the installation of conventional islands in Units 5# and 6# of Fuqing Nuclear Power Plant, the world’s first "HPR 1000" reactors, Unit 2# and Unit 3# of Karachi Nuclear Power Plant, and the expansion project of Shenergy Group Shanghai LNG storage tank, the largest single LNG storage tank project in China. The company is striding forward towards the goal of becoming a construction company leading in China and well-known in the world.